{"id":6231,"date":"2015-11-24T15:20:17","date_gmt":"2015-11-24T14:20:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/greth.fr\/?p=6231"},"modified":"2023-02-23T17:06:02","modified_gmt":"2023-02-23T16:06:02","slug":"vaporization-of-water-at-subatmospheric-pressure-fundamentals-of-boiling-phenomena-and-path-towards-the-design-of-compact-evaporators-for-sorption-chillers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/greth.fr\/en\/vaporization-of-water-at-subatmospheric-pressure-fundamentals-of-boiling-phenomena-and-path-towards-the-design-of-compact-evaporators-for-sorption-chillers\/","title":{"rendered":"Vaporization of water at subatmospheric pressure: fundamentals of boiling phenomena and path towards the design of compact evaporators for sorption chillers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Summary :<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Afin d\u2019optimiser la taille et le co\u00fbt des \u00e9vaporateurs basse pression utilis\u00e9s dans les syst\u00e8mes de climatisation \u00e0 sorption, une bonne connaissance des ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes de vaporisation du fluide frigorig\u00e8ne tels qu\u2019ils pourraient se produire dans ces \u00e9vaporateurs est n\u00e9cessaire. Acqu\u00e9rir cette connaissance est fondamental afin d\u2019\u00eatre en mesure de d\u00e9velopper des machines \u00e0 sorption pour le refroidissement d\u2019air comp\u00e9titives par rapport aux syst\u00e8mes de climatisation actuellement commercialis\u00e9s. Cependant tr\u00e8s peu d\u2019\u00e9tudes portent sur ce sujet et il y a un s\u00e9rieux manque de donn\u00e9es concernant les ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes de vaporisation (\u00e9bullition et \u00e9vaporation) qui pourraient se produire dans des \u00e9vaporateurs compacts basse pression. Le but de cette \u00e9tude est donc d\u2019aller plus loin dans la compr\u00e9hension de ces ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes aussi bien d\u2019un point de vue tr\u00e8s fondamental que d\u2019un point de vue applicatif. Dans cette optique, deux bancs d\u2019essais ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Le premier banc d\u2019essais permet d\u2019\u00e9tudier le comportement de l\u2019eau dans une configuration d\u2019\u00e9bullition en vase \u00e0 une pression pouvant atteindre 0.8 kPa. \u00c0 ces basses pressions, l\u2019influence de la hauteur hydrostatique ne peut \u00eatre n\u00e9glig\u00e9e. Que soit modifi\u00e9e la hauteur de la colonne d\u2019eau ou la pression de vapeur, il en r\u00e9sulte une modification de la pression de saturation locale, du degr\u00e9 de sous refroidissement maximal ainsi que du gradient de sous-refroidissement. Cette sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 du milieu d\u2019\u00e9bullition a une influence non n\u00e9gligeable sur la taille et la forme des bulles : cette influence est analys\u00e9e. Les courbes d\u2019\u00e9bullition pour des pressions allant de 0.8 kPa \u00e0 100 kPa sont trac\u00e9es. Puisque de fortes fluctuations de la surchauffe pari\u00e9tale sont observ\u00e9es pour certaines gammes de flux impos\u00e9s, ces courbes sont trac\u00e9es en tant que flux instantan\u00e9 en fonction de la surchauffe pari\u00e9tale pour un flux donn\u00e9 aux cartouches chauffantes. Afin d\u2019\u00eatre ensuite plus proche d\u2019une configuration d\u2019\u00e9changeur \u00e0 plaques, l\u2019\u00e9bullition en vase de l\u2019eau dans un premier temps sans puis avec confinement est \u00e9tudi\u00e9e. Des courbes d\u2019\u00e9bullition sont trac\u00e9es pour diff\u00e9rentes pressions de vapeur et diff\u00e9rentes hauteur de la colonne d\u2019eau. Puis, six diff\u00e9rents espaces de confinement sont test\u00e9s pour des pressions allant de 1.2 kPa \u00e0 5 kPa. Les courbes obtenues sont trac\u00e9es et analys\u00e9es. Un r\u00e9gime d\u2019\u00e9bullition sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 la basse pression et d\u00e9j\u00e0 observ\u00e9 en configuration horizontale apparait lorsque l\u2019espace de confinement diminue. L\u2019influence de l\u2019apparition de ce r\u00e9gime sur le transfert de chaleur est montr\u00e9e. Enfin, des exp\u00e9riences utilisant la PIV rapide ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9es afin de mettre en \u00e9vidence \u00ab l\u2019effet pompe \u00bb pour de faibles espaces de confinement. Les r\u00e9sultats sont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s et trait\u00e9s. La signification du nombre de Bond, nombre incontournable lorsque l\u2019\u00e9bullition confin\u00e9e est \u00e9tudi\u00e9e, est \u00e9galement abord\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Le deuxi\u00e8me banc exp\u00e9rimental permet d\u2019observer la vaporisation de l\u2019eau dans un canal d\u2019\u00e9vaporateur \u00e0 plaques de dimension standard (0.2 m de large x 0.5 m de haut) dans des conditions similaires \u00e0 celles obtenues dans une climatisation \u00e0 absorption (pressions de travail variant de 16 kPa \u00e0 0.85 kPa, remplissage de la plaque variant de 1\/2 \u00e01\/10 de la hauteur totale de la plaque). Un plan d\u2019exp\u00e9rience est r\u00e9alis\u00e9 pour un espacement entre deux plaques de 2 mm et 4 mm. Lors des exp\u00e9riences r\u00e9alis\u00e9es, trois principaux r\u00e9gimes d\u2019\u00e9bullition ont \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9s ainsi que trois diff\u00e9rentes zones de travail: une zone d\u2019\u00e9bullition en vase, une zone d\u2019\u00e9vaporation en film et une zone de vapeur. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 mis en \u00e9vidence que la majorit\u00e9 du transfert de chaleur a lieu dans la zone d\u2019\u00e9vaporation en film. Le film observ\u00e9 dans cette partie est cr\u00e9\u00e9 suite \u00e0 la rupture de la membrane d\u2019une bulle de plusieurs centim\u00e8tres ayant pris naissance dans la partie d\u2019\u00e9bullition en vase. Des puissances frigorifiques allant de 0 \u00e0 503 W on \u00e9t\u00e9 mesur\u00e9es. Les conditions pour obtenir la meilleure puissance frigorifiques possible sont d\u00e9termin\u00e9es. Enfin, dans une premi\u00e8re tentative vers un dimensionnement des \u00e9changeurs compacts basse pression, un coefficient de transfert global a \u00e9t\u00e9 estim\u00e9 et des premi\u00e8res r\u00e9flexions bas\u00e9es sur des nombres adimensionnels ont \u00e9t\u00e9 propos\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\" border=\"1\">\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Auteur(s)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Florine GIRAUD<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ann\u00e9e<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2015<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Keywords<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00e9vaporateurs compacts, pressions subatmosph\u00e9rique, \u00e9tudes exp\u00e9rimentales, vaporisation<br \/>\nde l\u2019eau, \u00e9bullition en vase, machine frigorifique \u00e0 sorption<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n\n&nbsp;<br \/>\n\n<div class=\"eds-animate edsanimate-sis-hidden\" data-eds-entry-animation=\"bounceIn\" data-eds-entry-delay=\"0\" data-eds-entry-duration=\"1\" data-eds-entry-timing=\"linear\" data-eds-exit-animation=\"\" data-eds-exit-delay=\"\" data-eds-exit-duration=\"\" data-eds-exit-timing=\"\" data-eds-repeat-count=\"1\" data-eds-keep=\"yes\" data-eds-animate-on=\"load\" data-eds-scroll-offset=\"\">\n\t\t<div class=\"box info\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"box-inner-block\">\n\t\t\t\t<span class=\"fa tie-shortcode-boxicon\"><\/span>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>&#x2666; The full version is only available for subscribers <a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"\/en\/offre-du-greth\/\"><span style=\"background-color: #3db2ea; color: #fff;\">\"ESSENTIEL\"<\/span><\/a> or <a style=\"text-decoration: none;\" href=\"\/en\/offre-du-greth\/\"><span style=\"background-color: #c6002c; color: #fff;\">\"PREMIUM\"<\/span><\/a> of GRETh!<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#x2666; If you are already a member \/ subscriber, you must identify yourself by <a href=\"\/wp-login.php\"><strong>clicking here<\/strong><\/a>.<br \/>\n&#x2666; If you are not a member, you can consult the offer proposed by GRETh by <a href=\"\/en\/offre-du-greth\/\"><strong>clicking here<\/strong><\/a> as well as the conditions of membership by <a href=\"\/en\/conditions-adhesion\/\"><strong>clicking here<\/strong><\/a>.\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>R\u00e9sum\u00e9 : Afin d\u2019optimiser la taille et le co\u00fbt des \u00e9vaporateurs basse pression utilis\u00e9s dans les syst\u00e8mes de climatisation \u00e0 sorption, une bonne connaissance des ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes de vaporisation du fluide frigorig\u00e8ne tels qu\u2019ils pourraient se produire dans ces \u00e9vaporateurs est n\u00e9cessaire. Acqu\u00e9rir cette connaissance est fondamental afin d\u2019\u00eatre en mesure de d\u00e9velopper des machines \u00e0 &hellip;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":960,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6231","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-documents","category-memoires-theses"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.9 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Vaporization of water at subatmospheric pressure: fundamentals of boiling phenomena and path towards the design of compact evaporators for sorption chillers - GRETh<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/greth.fr\/en\/vaporization-of-water-at-subatmospheric-pressure-fundamentals-of-boiling-phenomena-and-path-towards-the-design-of-compact-evaporators-for-sorption-chillers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Vaporization of water at subatmospheric pressure: fundamentals of boiling phenomena and path towards the design of compact evaporators for sorption chillers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"R\u00e9sum\u00e9 : Afin d\u2019optimiser la taille et le co\u00fbt des \u00e9vaporateurs basse pression utilis\u00e9s dans les syst\u00e8mes de climatisation \u00e0 sorption, une bonne connaissance des ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes de vaporisation du fluide frigorig\u00e8ne tels qu\u2019ils pourraient se produire dans ces \u00e9vaporateurs est n\u00e9cessaire. 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